ABAP的时间日期操作
ABAP的日期类型D,是一个8位字符串；时间类型T，是6位字符串。日期实际是一个字符串，格式；‘YYYYMMDD’，可以通过字符串截取获取年月日字符子串。
示例：使用字符串截取出年份、月份等
"日期
DATA:temp_date(8) TYPE C.
temp_date = sy-datum.
WRITE:/ temp_date.
temp_date = temp_date+2(2).
WRITE:/ temp_date.
1、判断日期是否在指定范围
示例：
WRITE:/'测试日期是否在一个时间段中'.
DATA:date1 type d,
date2 type d.
date1 = '20181201'.
date2 = '20191221'.
if sy-datum > date1 and sy-datum < date2.
WRITE:/ sy-datum,'在范围内'.
else.
WRITE:/ sy-datum,'不在范围内'.
ENDIF.
2、判断日期是星期几
使用function,’DAY_IN_WEEK’判断一个日期是星期几
示例：
WRITE:'根据日期获取日期星期几'.
DATA: wotnr type p.
CALL FUNCTION 'DAY_IN_WEEK'
EXPORTING
DATUM = sy-datum
IMPORTING
WOTNR = wotnr.
WRITE:/ sy-datum,'是星期',wotnr.
3、根据日期获取日期所在周数
使用function,’DATE_GET_WEEK’,获取日期所在周数
示例：
CALL FUNCTION 'DATE_GET_WEEK'
EXPORTING
DATE = sy-datum
IMPORTING
WEEK = week
4、根据周数获取本周第一天日期
示例：
WRITE:/ '测试WEEK_GET_FIRST_DAY ,通过周数获取，本周第一天'.
DATA: date3 type d.
CALL FUNCTION 'WEEK_GET_FIRST_DAY'
EXPORTING
WEEK = week
IMPORTING
DATE = date3
5、检查日期格式是否正确
示例：
WRITE:/ '测试DATE_CHECK_FAILED ,检查日期是否正确'.
data: date4 type d.
data: date5 type d.
data: date6 type d.
date4 = '20101231'. "需要这种格式日期
date5 = '12/23/2019'. "不能识别
date6 = '12312010'. "不能识别
CALL FUNCTION 'DATE_CHECK_PLAUSIBILITY'
EXPORTING
DATE = date6
EXCEPTIONS
PLAUSIBILITY_CHECK_FAILED = 1
OTHERS = 2.
6、根据输入日期获取所在月最后一天
示例：
WRITE:/ '测试RP_LAST_DAY_OF_MONTHS,获取输入日期所在月最后一天日期'.
data:date7 type d.
CALL FUNCTION 'RP_LAST_DAY_OF_MONTHS'
EXPORTING
DAY_IN = sy-datum
IMPORTING
LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH = date7
EXCEPTIONS
DAY_IN_NO_DATE = 1.
* OTHERS = 2
7、将输入日期进行计算
示例：
WRITE:/'测试RP_CALC_DATE_IN_INTERVAL ,日期加减 年，月，日 计算'.
data: date8 type d value '20181201'.
data: date9 type d.
CALL FUNCTION 'RP_CALC_DATE_IN_INTERVAL'
EXPORTING
DATE = date8
DAYS = 20 "天
MONTHS = 0 "月
SIGNUM = '-' "运算符号
YEARS = 1 "年
IMPORTING
CALC_DATE = date9.
WRITE:/ date9.
方式2：日期计算函数
"日期計算
FORM f_test_cal_date.
DATA:lv_rectype TYPE alpdbrtyp.
DATA:lv_nbr_dwxmqy TYPE int4.
DATA:lv_date TYPE datum.
DATA:lv_redate TYPE datum.
lv_date = sy-datum.
"rectypes:
"'Z':返回000000
"'I':day,
"'R':day,
"'D':day,
"'H':day,
"'A':week,
"'B':week,
"'W':week,
"'C':week,
"'J':Month,
"'K':Month,
"'M':Month,
"'L':Month,
"'N':quart,
"'O':quart,
"'Q':quart,
"'P':quart,
"'S':Year,
"'T':Year,
"'Y':Year,
"'U':Year,
*
"'E':xdays,
"'F':xdays,
"'X':xdays,
"'G':xdays,
**some special rectypes, only for reporting
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_DAY_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '0', "new
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_WEEK_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '1', "new
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_MONTH_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '3', "new
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_QUART_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '4', "new
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_YEAR_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '5', "new
*PERFDB_AVERAGE_TYP_XDAYS_5MIN TYPE ALPERFDB-RECTYPE VALUE '2', "new
TYPES:BEGIN OF s_cal_date,
rectype TYPE char6,
num TYPE int4,
END OF s_cal_date.
DATA:lt_cal_date TYPE TABLE OF s_cal_date.
DATA:ls_cal_date LIKE LINE OF lt_cal_date.
ls_cal_date-rectype = '5'.
ls_cal_date-num = 1.
APPEND ls_cal_date TO lt_cal_date.
ls_cal_date-rectype = '0'.
ls_cal_date-num = -1.
APPEND ls_cal_date TO lt_cal_date.
LOOP AT lt_cal_date INTO ls_cal_date.
CALL FUNCTION 'SALP_CALC_DATE'
EXPORTING
IN_RECTYPE = ls_cal_date-rectype
IN_NBR_DWXMQY = ls_cal_date-num
IN_DATE = lv_date
IMPORTING
OUT_DATE = lv_date
EXCEPTIONS
OTHER_ERROR = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
* Implement suitable error handling here
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
8、获取时间和日期之差
示例：
WRITE:/ '测试SD_DATETIME_DIFFERENCE,获取日期，和时间之间差'.
DATA:date10 type d value '20180911'.
data:date11 type d value '20180922'.
DATA:date12 type p.
data:timediff type p.
CALL FUNCTION 'SD_DATETIME_DIFFERENCE'
EXPORTING
DATE1 = date10
TIME1 = '080000' "必须为 hhmmss格式
DATE2 = date11
TIME2 = '120000'
IMPORTING
DATEDIFF = date12
TIMEDIFF = timediff.
9、获取每个月名字
示例：
WRITE:/ '获取每个月的名字'.
DATA: month_name like t247 OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
CALL FUNCTION 'MONTH_NAMES_GET'
* EXPORTING
* LANGUAGE = SY-LANGU
* IMPORTING
* RETURN_CODE =
TABLES
MONTH_NAMES = month_name.
10、获取一段时间内节日日期
示例：
WRITE:/'获取节日表'.
DATA: holidays like iscal_day OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA: valid_year_from like SCAL-YEAR.
DATA: valid_year_to like SCAL-YEAR.
DATA: return_code like sy-subrc.
CALL FUNCTION 'HOLIDAY_GET'
EXPORTING
HOLIDAY_CALENDAR = 'CN' "获取holiday calendar id, tcode:scal
FACTORY_CALENDAR = 'CN' "获取工厂 calendar id ,通过tcode :SCAL
DATE_FROM = '20180102'
DATE_TO = '20181111'
IMPORTING
YEAR_OF_VALID_FROM = valid_year_from
YEAR_OF_VALID_TO = valid_year_to
RETURNCODE = return_code
TABLES
HOLIDAYS = holidays.
11、判断日期是否是假日
使用function,’HOLIDAY_CHECK_AND_GET_INFO’判断是否是假日，如果是返回值HOLIDAY_FOUND等于‘X’。
示例：
WRITE:'判断是否是假日'.
DATA:holiday_indicator type scal-indicator.
CALL FUNCTION 'HOLIDAY_CHECK_AND_GET_INFO'
EXPORTING
DATE = '20181001'
HOLIDAY_CALENDAR_ID = 'CN'
* WITH_HOLIDAY_ATTRIBUTES = ' '
IMPORTING
HOLIDAY_FOUND = holiday_indicator.
12、获取当前年月
示例：
WRITE:/'获取当前年份月份'.
DATA:cur_year like BKPF-GJAHR.
DATA:cur_month like BKPF-MONAT.
DATA:pre_year like BKPF-GJAHR.
DATA:pre_month like BKPF-MONAT.
CALL FUNCTION 'GET_CURRENT_YEAR'
EXPORTING
BUKRS = 'BV02'
DATE = SY-DATUM
IMPORTING
CURRM = cur_month
CURRY = cur_year
PREVM = pre_month
PREVY = pre_year
.
WRITE:/'当前年月',cur_year,'--',cur_month.
WRITE:/'前一年月',pre_year,'--',pre_month.